Comments:Compared with PSC *sṭHwekĔ, assuming metathesis > *kHwesṭÉ (or the like) > Bsq *a=hoc. The variants algotz, alkotz seem to be compounds with *aɫhe- 'seed, grain' (q.v.).
Comments:Perhaps also (B) aur ‘slope’, aur gora ‘uphill’, aur bera ‘downhill’ (cf. Hunzib kuro ‘brook, ravine’, etc.). Bsq *aur̄e ‘front’ (q.v.) is of separate origin.
Comments:Cf. NC words like Lezgi q̇ac̣ 'notch, nick', in Bsq with fossilized class prefixes *a= or *ma=. Bsq *o=koc ( -ć) 'chin' (q.v.: cf. Rutul, Tsakhur q̇ac̣ 'chin') may be related. Variation between Bsq *ć and *c is unclear.
Comments:A western Bsq word: cf. eastern *i=tain 'tick'. Initial /l/ in LAB is possibly due to contamination with another word such as lapazorri ‘tick’. Similar Romance words have been cited: Gasc. lagagno, Occ. laganha, but apparently these words mean ‘locust’, not ‘tick’.
Comments:After a fossilized class prefix PSC voiced obstruents may become voiceless in Bsq: cf. Bsq *bete 'full' (q.v.) ~ *i=pete 'obese'; *gai ~ *e=kai 'thing, material', etc.
Comments:Tentatively, acompound of *a=ɫhar- ‘*wife’ + *gun [obscure, but possibly related to Bsq *higuni ‘hatred, hated’ (q.v.)]. It is unclear whether the oldest meaning is ‘widow’, ‘widower’, or both. An old usage cited by Azkue (from Refranes y sentencias, 1596 CE) has ‘widow’, and per Azkue alharguntegi is ‘pews in church reserved for widows’. If ‘widow’ was primary, *a=ɫhar-gun may have meant ‘wife abandoned (by death of husband)’: see especially the meanings (BN) higuin ‘(man) to put away one’s wife’, (Z-arc) higüin ‘(man) to put away one’s wife; (bird) to abandon one’s eggs’. The northern feminine forms with -tsa are secondary, influenced by Romance (Late Lat. -issa).
Comments:Defined by Azkue as ‘carballo, melojo, quejigo’ (~ Quercus robur, Q. pyrenaica, Q. faginea). Larrasquet defines the ZBR word as ‘chêne tauzin’ (Q. pyrenaica).
Comments:The GIP words are compounds with *kuku-śo (q.v.), the eastern word for 'flea'. *a=rdi is analyzed here as *=rdi, the Bsq development of intervocalic PSC *ƛ̣[i], with a fossilized class prefix *a=.
Bizkaian:esku-arre 1, arra 2, (Markina) arraa 1, 2
Gipuzkoan:arrae, arra 2
High Navarrese:arra 2
Salazarese:esku-arrai 1
Lapurdian:esku-arre 1
Comments:A western Bsq isogloss, opposed to eastern *senhe ‘span’ (q.v.). *ar̄ae < *a-r̄ãe, with the same kind of loss of nasal as in *(e-)kee 'smoke' < *(e-)kẽe, and other similar cases.
Proto-Basque:*ar̄ain
Meaning:1 fish 2 trout
Araban:arrai 1
Bizkaian:arrain 1, (arc) arrai 1
Gipuzkoan:arrai 1
High Navarrese:arrain 1
Low Navarrese:arrain 1
Salazarese:arrai 1, 2
Lapurdian:arrain 1
Baztanese:arrain 2
Aezkoan:arrai 1, 2
Zuberoan:arráñ 1
Roncalese:arraĩ, arrái 2
Comments:Cf. PY *ŕam- 'a kind of fish' ? Some (Trombetti, Woelfel) have suggested Egyptian origin: cf. Coptic B rami ‘fish’, S raame, rame id.; Demotic rym ‘fish’ (reconstructed *rēm [sg.] / *rame [pl.]); Ancient Eg. rm id.
Proto-Basque:*ar̄an̄o
Meaning:1 eagle 2 vulture
Bizkaian:arrano 1
Gipuzkoan:arrano 1
High Navarrese:arrano 1
Low Navarrese:arrano 1
Lapurdian:arrano 1, 2
Zuberoan:arrano 1
Roncalese:arrano 1
Comments:Cf. the first component of PNC *ʔār-c̣_wämʔV̆ 'eagle', though the Basque word also resembles some IE words (Hittite haran-, Germanic *ar-an-, etc.). Trask: "The proposed link with Hittite hara(n)- id. is too remote and vague to be impressive."
